Valve-operating mechanism for internal-combustion engines



G. RILEY. VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED NOV. n, 1919.

1,41 3,493. Patented p 18, 1922.

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GEORGE RILEY, or Los ANGELEs; CALrEORNIA, AssIGNoR or FIVE PER GENT T0 ARTHUR WILL A LAMB, or TOMBSTONE, ARIZONA, EIFT NPER cENT To J. rosTER NELsoN, TEN PER. CENT To OSCAR E. :LARSEN, AND THIRTY-FIVE PER CENT To RUBY RILEY, ALL or LOS ANGELEs, CALIFORNIA.

VALVE-OPERATING MEcHANIsM roR INTERNAL-COMBUsTION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Apr. 18,

Application filed November 11, 1919. Serial No. 337,325.

To all whom it may concern j Be it known that I, GEORGE RILEY, a citizen of thellnited States, residing at Los Angeles, inlthe county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Valve-Operating Mechanism for Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification. ,r f

This invention relates to internal combustion engines and more particularly to valve actuating mechanism therefor and has for its object to provide means whereby the speed of opening and closing the valve or valves of the engine can be accelerated without change in the cam mechanism and tim-- 111g of themechanism; and further has for its object to provide not only for the acceleration of the opening and closingspeed but further to provide for a reduction of the speed at the moment :of closing the valve so as to permit it to operate at the usual speed of the valve actuating mechanism and thus to eliminate hammering.

A further object is to provlde means forv increasing the area of opening of the valve or valves; and also a further object is to provide an attachment that can be readily installed in engines already built and-in use or that can be incorporated in'engines in course of construction with but little change in the parts thereof; and a further object is to provide an attachment for accelerating speed of movement of the valve or valves and which attachment is capable of being applied a'ndremoved as a unit.

The invention consists of'the construction and; details embodiments of which are illustrated-in theaccompanying drawings and described and claimed in the following specification; o V

Figure 1 is a perspective of a type of engine to which'the invention is shown applied.

Fig. 2 is a verticaltsectional view illustrating theinstallation' of the invention and showing it asmountedon a detachable coverin the engine casing. Y i

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional elevation of the pivot and lever organization.

Fig. 4 shows one modification of the in- ,vention. w r

5 shows afurther modified form. The efficiency of an engine of the internal combustion type maybe materially increased by increasing the speed of operation of'its valves and increasing the opening of the valves so as to provide for a full intake of combustible fuel, and my present; invention is shown as combined in an engine having a casing 2 with a suitable number of cylinders of which one of the valves is indicated at 3,

this being designed to seat automatically under the reaction of a spring 4 that surrounds the stem 5 of the valve, the lower end of the spring beingsupported on a seat 6 adjacent the lower end of the valve stem.

Ordinarily valves of this type are actuated through a suitable cam mounted on a cam shaft 7 a cam being indicated at 8, the several cams and their respective valves being appropriatelytimed according to .the number of cylinders int-he engine. The cam shaft 7 is driven in suitable timed relation to the crank shaft of the engine and during the rotation of the shaft its cam or cams are designed to elevate a push rod or tappet 9 arranged in alinement below the valve stem 5 and guided as in a bearing 10. The valve mechanism including the tappet 9 and the stem 5 are ordinarily di'sposedat one side of the casing in an opening as 11, and this is usually covered with a removable plate or cap a form of which is designated here asat- 1'2 and which I, preferably, utilize as asup-V port for the, hereinafter described valve actuating means.

By. accelerating the opening and closing movement of the valves it is possible for a large charge of combustible fuel to be taken into the explosion chambers, and also by I accelerating the openingit is possible to open the valves to a larger degree also per I mitting intake of'a large quantity of fuel,

and to that end I have introduced between the push rod or tappet 9 and the respective valve stem 5 a device operative to the desired eife ct. V

Aform of the comprising a lower lever 15, in this case of the firstordenand being pivoted on'a" rod or device is sho-wn in Fig. 2as

pivot memberj16 that is mounted in the re- I movable'cover 12 which is so formed as to provide a chamber for the reception of the parts. One end of the lever 15 overhangs and engages with the upper end of the tappet 9 as at 15 and the opposite end of the lever 15 is connected as by a link 17 to an upper lever 18 that is pivoted on a respective pivot rod 19 also mounted in the cover 12. The lever 18 is of the first order and is connected at its rear end by a pivot pin 17 to the link 17, the rear arm of the lever 18 being shorter than the rear arm of the lever 15 with respect to their pivots and therefore the upper arm 18 will move through an arc of greater angle than the short arm of the lever 15 to which it is connected by the link 17.

The lever 18 has a forwardly extending arm 18 the lower face of which, when the levers are in the position shown in Fig. 2, is designed to ride upon the upper surface of the lower arm 15 so that the lower arm acts to transmit motion to the upper arm at least for a short period with the result that the valve with its stem 5 is lifted synchronously and at the same speed as the tappet 9 which is moved upwardly by the cam 8; If the link 17 connects the rear arms of the levers 15 and 18 without material. lost motion or play, it will be observed that as the tappet 9 presses up- 'wardly on the adjacent arm 15 the contactinp points 15 and 18 of the levers would instantly separate due to the difference of the radial lengths of the short arms of the levers 15 and 18, but it is desirable that the valve 3 be returned to its seat at substantially the same speed for which the cam mechanism is designed so as to eliminate clatter or hammering of the valve or valves in the operation of the engine; and therefore it is desirable that the contacting lever arms 15 and 1.8 move together in initial upward movement and come together at the completion of the valve seating movement in ordinary time.

This may be accomplished in various ways. and as shown in Fig. 2 the pin 1? connecting the link 17 to the short arm of the lever 18 has relativeplay in the opening 18 provided for the pin so that the pin 17' may move down slightly without engaging or actuating the arm of'the lever, the latter being moved therefrom by reason of direct contact of the points 18 and 15. However, as soon as the. pin 13 has moved downwardly to eliminate the play permitted it will engage the bottom of the opening 18 and thereafter the two levers will operate at a differential speed so that the lift toe or arm 18 advances and lifts the valve 3 with a faster movement than that at which the lever arm 15 is moving upwardly, with the result that by the time the camtappet 9 has been lifted to its highest point the arms 15 and 18 are separated from each other and remain so until, with the moving away of the cam Sand the descent of the tappet 9, the adjacent faces of the arms 15 and 18 move into engagement and thereafter move down together, and at a reduced speed until in the final lowermost position the pin 17 ascends to the upper end of the opening 18 in the lever 18.

From the above it will be seen that I fave provided means for accelerating the movement of the valve'with respect to the synchronous movement of its tappet, and have provided for an increment in the degree of opening the valve and yet secure the desired reduction of the speed of the valve as it approaches its seat.

I prefer that this intermediate valve actuating mechanism be mounted upon the cover 12 of the opening 11 so that the whole can be assembled before it is 'applied tothe engine casing and be inserted as a unit when attached to the casing.

It will be understood that if it is desired to instantly accelerate the opening movement of the valve then the adjacent faces of the lever arms 15 and 18 should not be permitted to contact, with the result that trans mission would occur upon movement of the tappet immediately between the accelerating medium.

In Fig. 4 a slightly modified form of the connecting device is indicated as comprising a link 17 which is of resilient material and has its ends overturned or hooked into engagement with. the adjacent ends of the lovers 15 and 18. In this form of the device the faces of the ends 15 and 18 of the levers would be moved into contact. desired. under the pressure of the spring 1 of the valve stem this pressure serving to separate the hooked ends of the link 17. The opening of the valve by the upper pressure of the cam 8 or tappet 9. as the case may he, would first move the lever arms together at uniform speed and as soon as the resiliency in the lever 17 had been over come then the levers would move with dif .fcrential speed; the upper lever 18 advancing; away from the lower lever 15.

It is understood that the accelerating device could be used in direct'contact withthe cam 8, as in Fig. 4, or mayengage the tap pct as in Figs. 2 and In the latter figurea slightly different arrangement for securing the increment or differential movement is shown wherein the upper lever 18' has'its upper face adapted to engage first a'lug 15 on thelever 15 this lug serving to press the upper lever 18' upwardly until a second lug 15 on the lever 15'would move into contact with the adjacent surface'of the'upper lever 18 which would result inthe increment'of the angular movement ofthe lever 18 about its fulcrum 19. The differential movementin this modification is secured through the difference of the length of the radii as between the fulcrum 16 of the lever 15 and the fulcrum 19 as to its point of contact with the projection 15.

This desired increment or acceleration of speed of movement of the-valve engaging lever can be secured in many different embodiments of my invention, and it is understood that the construction of the device may be altered, modified and changed as expediency may require. For instance, it is not necessary that the contiguous face of the lever arms 15 and 18 be in engagement and in such case it will be seen that there would be an immediate relative differential movement between the actuating or pushing .member and the element that is actuated its swinging end extending in the same direction and engaging the valve, the first pivoted member operatively co-operating with the second pivoted member at difi'erent radii of the respective pivoted members.

2. The combination with a valve organization including a movable valve and mechanism for operating the valve, of means interposed between the valve and the said mechanism for accelerating the opening and retarding the closing movements of said valve.

without changing the speed or timing of the said mechanism and for seating the valve as at the usual speed of the said mechanism,

said means including a pivoted member actuated by said mechanism, and a second pivoted member engaging I the valve, the first pivotedmember at the end of theclosmg of said valve operatively cooperating with the second pivoted member at the swinging ends of said members, and during the intermediate portion of the valve opening and closing operatively co-operating with the second pivoted member at different radii of the respective pivoted members.

3. The combination with a valve organization including a movable valve and mechanism for operating the'valve, of means interposed between the valve and the said mechanism for accelerating the opening and retarding the closing movements of said valve without changing the speed or timing of the said mechanism and whereby. the valve is opened and seated as at the usual speed of the said mechanism, said means including a pivoted member actuated by said mechanism, and a second pivoted .member engaging the valve, the first pivoted member at the beginning of the opening and at theend of the closing of said valve operatively cooperating with the second pivoted'member at the swinging ends of said members, and during the intermediateportion of the valve opening and closing operatively co-operatingwith the second pivoted member at dif-f ferent radii of the respective pivoted members.

, 4. Th'e'combination, with a valve organization including a movable valve and mechanism for operating the "valve, of means interposedbetween the valve and the. said mechanism for accelerating the relative movements without' changing the speed or timing ofthe said mechanism, said means formed as a unit to be bodily attached to and detached from the organization.

In testimony whereof I'have signed name to this specification. i

i GEORGE RILEY 

